NUR369 - Literature Review Assessment Answer

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Subject Name : Medical Sciences

Introduction

The perioperative nurse is also known as an operating room or surgical nurse. The perioperative nurse is a specialized registered nurse who takes charge of the patients before, during and after the surgery. The nurses pass supplies and instruments used in the operation, hence known as scrub nurses. They also help to maintain a comfortable and safe environment by managing overall nursing care in the operating room. They are excellent problem solvers (Mathenge, 2020). The primary responsibility of the perioperative nurse is to keep a decontaminated environment for both the surgical team and the patient. The operating room nurses supervise the patients. These nurses check the vital signs and record the patient before surgery. During the surgery, the nurses keep a check on the size of the gloves and assist the doctor during the procedure. After the surgery, the perioperative nurses monitor the condition of the patient. Surgical nurses also give post-operative instructions to patients (Beydler, 2017).

Background

Perioperative nursing is a demanding career that requires adaptation to handle unforeseen crises in high-stress environments. Additionally, handling erratic shifts and attending to the unique requirements and concerns of the patients might be difficult but essential to avoid any adverse results. Perioperative nursing can be thought of as a nursing specialty that deals with giving the patient comprehensive care before, during, and after the surgical process (Arakelian et al., 2017). Additionally, it's critical to exhibit good teamwork and communication skills when working with other healthcare professionals. Finally, obtaining additional certifications in this field of study can assist nurses in pursuing careers as perioperative nurse practitioners or nurse anesthetists. Additionally, they can improve their skills by using the most recent technology and tools, contributing to research and teaching, and engaging in these activities (Salazar, 2022).

Search Strategy

In order to review available literature, an online search was conducted. Research databases searched included cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL) Complete, MEDLINE Complete, Google Scholar and PubMed and PubMed Central. The key search terms applied included ‘perioperative nurse.‘Post-operation’, ‘During surgery’ and ‘Pre-operation are a few search terms that may be relevant to this subject. Booleans searches were conducted using ‘AND’ and ‘OR’ alongside crucial search terms to allow for alternative terms and/or spelling. Advanced search settings were implemented to include articles with a publication date range from 2017 – 2023. Furthermore, articles were only considered for selection if presented in English, from peer-reviewed journals, in full-text, and involved operative room nurses.

Critical Analysis

Theme 1: Surgical Excellence and Patient Care

The study conducted by Gutierres et al. (2018) focuses on nurses' operating room patient safety suggestions. In historical context, the study may examine surgical patient safety policies and initiatives. The research may use qualitative methods like interviews or focus groups to gather nurses' patient safety perspectives. The paper could highlight nurses' particular role in patient safety by drawing on past studies. Communication tactics, surgical site protocols, equipment handling, and infection control may be literature themes. Questions may focus on nurses' most important patient safety practises and their obstacles in applying them. The study's findings may emphasise nurses' influence on operating room patient safety regulations and practises. This research could improve patient safety measures by directly incorporating nurses' valuable thoughts and insights into practise development and implementation.

Another study conducted by Blomberg et al. (2018) discusses perioperative patient care duty. Historically, it might contextualise perioperative nurses' changing position in patient care. The qualitative study may use interviews or observations to understand how nurses view and perform their duties. Previous research on perioperative nursing, patient care, and professional duties may support the research. The paper identified role clarity, communication, and decision-making as literature themes. Principal questions may include how perioperative nurses assign patient care and how this influences patient outcomes. The study could highlight the complexity of responsibility sharing among perioperative nurses and its effects on patient safety and care. The research may highlight the necessity of a supportive and collaborative atmosphere to promote successful responsibility allocation, improving patient care and interprofessional teamwork in perioperative settings.

Theme 2: Precision and Teamwork

The study conducted by Sonoda et al. (2018) examines the complex relationship between operating room nurses' collaboration and stress. The historical background may be surgical collaboration. The study may use quantitative methods like surveys or questionnaires to collect data on teamwork and stress. The authors may draw on nursing teamwork, stresses, and coping mechanism studies. Literature themes may include communication, interprofessional teamwork, and job stress. The paper may focus on how teamwork affects operating room nurses' stress and vice versa. Effective cooperation may reduce stress and enhance patient outcomes. The study may highlight the need for collaboration and stress management training. The findings could improve perioperative nursing by revealing how cooperation, stress, and patient care quality interact.

Another study conducted by Akansel et al. (2019) examines operating room nurses' organisational stress and exhaustion. The growing understanding of job stress's impact on healthcare workers may be its historical roots. The research could be quantitative, using surveys or questionnaires to measure nurse stress and exhaustion. The paper would likely expand on past nurse fatigue and contributing factor research. The literature may discuss workload, shift patterns, and work-related pressures. The main questions may be how organisational stress affects nurse fatigue and patient care. Study findings may emphasise the necessity for stress-reduction and fatigue-management therapies due to the strong link between organisational stress and nurse fatigue. The study may highlight the importance of supportive work settings for nurse well-being, patient safety, and care quality.

Theme 3: Navigating Complexity

The study conducted by Magill et al. (2017) focuses on postoperative debriefing to improve operating room culture and safety. The study may contextualise operating room safety and communication through time. It could use a mixed-methods approach to measure safety culture quantitatively and qualitatively through interviews or focus groups. Precedent research on surgical safety, communication, and debriefing may inform the study. Literature may discuss communication obstacles, teamwork, and patient safety. Key questions could include how postoperative debriefing improved safety culture and how healthcare personnel felt about it. The study may show that debriefing promotes open communication, teamwork, and safety in the operating room. The research could highlight organised debriefing's potential to foster accountability and proactive learning, improving patient outcomes and surgical practises.

Another study conducted by Lee et al. (2020) examines perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and inclination to depart. Historical context: The study may examine perioperative nursing job satisfaction and retention issues. The research could use surveys or questionnaires to measure job satisfaction and intention to leave quantitatively. Previous study on nursing work satisfaction, turnover intentions, and retention could inform the inquiry. The literature may discuss work atmosphere, workload, leadership, and professional development. Perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave the field may be the main questions. The findings may suggest that perioperative nurses should address workplace elements including staffing, support, and growth to improve job satisfaction and reduce turnover intentions. The results may emphasise the relevance of a happy and supportive workplace for perioperative nurses and patient care.

Theme 4: Behind the Surgical Curtain

The study conducted by Gao et al. (2017) critically explores perioperative nurses' organ procurement attitudes. Historical context: The study could address nurses' changing role in organ donation and how their opinions have shaped it. The research may comprise a full literature evaluation of perioperative nurses' organ procurement perspectives. Previous study on organ donation, healthcare professionals' views, and ethics could inform the review. The literature may discuss ethics, family communication, and organ donation. The main questions may be perioperative nurses' organ procurement attitudes and their influences. The review may suggest focused treatments to help perioperative nurses understand organ donation and transplantation. The study suggests that a supportive environment for nurses can improve their attitudes and help them participate more effectively in organ procurement, increasing organ availability and patient outcomes.

Another study conducted by Tallier et al. (2017) critically explores perioperative nurses' organ procurement attitudes. Historical context: The study could address nurses' changing role in organ donation and how their opinions have shaped it. The research may comprise a full literature evaluation of perioperative nurses' organ procurement perspectives. Previous study on organ donation, healthcare professionals' views, and ethics could inform the review. The literature may discuss ethics, family communication, and organ donation. The main questions may be perioperative nurses' organ procurement attitudes and their influences. The review may suggest focused treatments to help perioperative nurses understand organ donation and transplantation. The study suggests that a supportive environment for nurses can improve their attitudes and help them participate more effectively in organ procurement, increasing organ availability and patient outcomes.

Conclusion

The analysis of the selected studies offers a comprehensive understanding of the multi-faceted role and challenges faced by perioperative nurses in the operating room setting. The themes explored span a spectrum of crucial aspects, shedding light on their intricate responsibilities, collaborative efforts, patient safety initiatives, and emotional dynamics. The significance of effective teamwork and communication among healthcare professionals emerges as a consistent thread throughout these studies. Perioperative nurses' collaboration with surgeons, anaesthetists, and other team members significantly impacts patient safety and overall outcomes. Moreover, the exploration of nurses' attitudes, job satisfaction, and intention to leave highlights the vital need for a supportive work environment, adequate staffing, and opportunities for professional growth. The implementation of postoperative debriefing and its impact on safety culture stands out as an innovation in one study, illustrating the power of reflective practices in enhancing patient safety and interdisciplinary collaboration. Lastly, the exploration of perioperative nurses' roles in organ procurement underlines the ethical considerations and emotional nuances involved in this delicate process.

References

Akansel, N., Akansel, M., & Yanik, H. B. S. N. R. N. (2019). Association of organisational stress with fatigue in operating room nurses. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(2), 627-638.

Arakelian, E., Swenne, C. L., Lindberg, S., Rudolfsson, G., & von Vogelsang, A. C. (2017). The meaning of person‐centred care in the perioperative nursing context from the patient's perspective–an integrative review. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(17-18), 2527-2544.

Beydler, K. W. (2017). The role of emotional intelligence in perioperative nursing and leadership: developing skills for improved performance. AORN journal, 106(4), 317-323.

Blomberg, A. C., Bisholt, B., & Lindwall, L. (2018). Responsibility for patient care in perioperative practice. Nursing open, 5(3), 414-421.

Gao, W., Plummer, V., & Williams, A. (2017). Perioperative nurses' attitudes towards organ procurement: a systematic review. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(3-4), 302-319.

Gutierres, L. D. S., Santos, J. L. G. D., Peiter, C. C., Menegon, F. H. A., Sebold, L. F., & Erdmann, A. L. (2018). Good practices for patient safety in the operating room: nurses' recommendations. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 71, 2775-2782.

Lee, S. E., MacPhee, M., & Dahinten, V. S. (2020). Factors related to perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 17(1), e12263.

Magill, S. T., Wang, D. D., Rutledge, W. C., Lau, D., Berger, M. S., Sankaran, S., ... & Imershein, S. G. (2017). Changing operating room culture: implementation of a postoperative debrief and improved safety culture. World neurosurgery, 107, 597-603.

Mathenge, C. (2020). The importance of the perioperative nurse. Community eye health , 33 (110), 44.

Salazar Maya, Á. M. (2022). Nursing care during the perioperative within the surgical context. Investigación y Educación en Enfermería , 40 (2).

Sonoda, Y., Onozuka, D., & Hagihara, A. (2018). Factors related to teamwork performance and stress of operating room nurses. Journal of nursing management, 26(1), 66-73.

Tallier, P. C., Reineke, P. R., Asadoorian, K., Choonoo, J. G., Campo, M., & Malmgreen-Wallen, C. (2017). Perioperative registered nurses knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers regarding pressure ulcer prevention in perioperative patients. Applied Nursing Research, 36, 106-110.